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> Yet many people persist in calling aluminum foil "tinfoil."

> We chemists get annoyed at things like that.

> Now, about aluminum foil.

Actually, most chemists are profoundly annoyed at the Americans' inability to spell aluminium properly...

Humphrey Davy, the British chemist who performed early work to isolate the element, and who initially named it, called it 'aluminum'. Americans mostly followed him, but the British changed later at the complaints of the French, Swedish, and Germans that it used essentially English roots rather than Latin ones. Which, considering that we now have elements named such things as Tennessine, seems to be a bit of an argument that doesn't quite apply anymore.

The suffix "-io-", which becomes "-ium" in accusative/nominative neuter Latin nouns, is extremely ancient. It is inherited from the common Indo-European language.

This suffix is used to derive nouns or adjectives from other nouns, where the derived nouns are understood to have some kind of relationship with the base nouns.

A great number of the names of chemical elements use the Latin variant of this suffix, i.e. "-ium", to derive the name of the element either from the name of the substance from which it has been extracted, or from the name of some characteristic property of the element or from some mythological name or from some person or place that is intended to be honored by this choice.

The name of aluminium comes from the name of the aluminium sulfate in Latin, which was "alumin-".

So "aluminium" means "something that is not aluminium sulfate, but it is related to aluminium sulfate".

On the other hand, "aluminum", which lacks the derivation suffix, just means "aluminium sulfate" (which has become "alum" in English), but the noun has been converted from the 3rd Latin declension to the 2nd Latin declension. Such conversion between declensions were not unusual even for native Latin speakers.

So this is definitely a grammar mistake, which is annoying for those who understand the meaning of words, because it creates an exception that must be remembered, instead of applying the general rule.

In general the British and American scientists have always been much more lax in observing grammar rules than the continental Europeans. So there are also other chemical elements where the English names differ from the correct names. For instance the name of the chemical element "silicium" is derived from Latin "silic-" (flint), from which it is extracted, but in English it has been changed to "silicon", for the silly reason to make it rhyme with "carbon", despite the fact that most chemical properties of silicon resemble more those of boron or of phosphorus or of germanium, than those of carbon (because valence is only 1 of the 3 main properties that determine chemical behavior, electronegativity and ionic/atomic size are equally important). (Carbon is one of the few elements that were known in pure form already in the Ancient World, so its name is not derived from another noun.) ("Boron" has also been changed in English to make it rhyme with "carbon", which is equally baseless.)

Except Davy said he named it after platinum, except with an alum- prefix instead of the silver plat- prefix, as it was to be considered a new precious metal out of what had previously just been considered impurities like platinum relatively contemporaneously had.

Sir Humphry Davy first isolated the stuff and he called it aluminum, so that's good enough for me.

Well, the name Davy originally proposed was alumium.

I propose we switch to that instead, so everyone can be annoyed equally and in the same way.

I accept your proposal; alumium it is.

> Actually, most chemists are profoundly annoyed at the Americans' inability to spell aluminium properly...

That's just patently false. Anyone who's had any sort of education in chemistry/physics is aware of the history of the word and doesn't give a damn.

It isn't clear if that is a dig at Americans having their own spelling of aluminum/aluminium, or ignorance that Americans have their own spelling.

Try to make them pronounce nuclear instead of nucelar :D

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> can't hear you from all the way up here ON THE MOON.

cough

https://www.quora.com/What-does-the-German-phrase-Hinter-dem...

It's cold and lonely here on the moon. -- Jonathan Coulton

Did visiting the moon damage your hearing? Last I checked there haven’t been any Americans on the moon for over half a century.

Perhaps if you used the metric system…

...and the SAE system like me (older American here) then you would be able to provide the answers that confuse your audience the most when they ask about volumes, velocities, dimensions, etc. and you would have as much fun in life as I have had. Your metric system is for people who need to have things simplified in order for them to be understandable and relatable. It's about as dumbed down as you can make something. Lowest common denominator type stuff. Americans have always thrived on challenge and that is why we stupidly cling to the complexity of the SAE system of units. It fits so we sits.

They do use the metric system at NASA maybe that’s why they haven’t been back to the moon.

Yes but their US contractors don’t all use metric, which is what caused them to miss Mars that one time.

If I recall correctly they didn't miss Mars. Quite the opposite, really.

Mars missed them?

I always heard the shiny side reflected heat better. So that side should face food you are trying to heat up in the oven.

Any truth to that I wonder?

No. Aluminum foil has the same material properties with respect to convection and conduction of heat no matter which side faces out. The only heat that would be different would be radiated heat, which your food won't have a ton of, and even then, the dull side is still quite reflective. It's maybe one of those "technically" correct statements that the shiny side reflects more heat, but for the application of cooking, the impact is effectively zero. The retention of steam is going to be such a larger factor the side you use will effectively make no difference.

> The only heat that would be different would be radiated heat, which your food won't have a ton of

Your food won't radiate much heat, but your oven certainly does. Aluminum + broiler is like photolithography for food.

I can speak for myself: when I ask if the shiny side reflects the heat better, I don't mean to also ask if the difference is significant. It's really just curiosity, whether my school physics intuition holds up or lies to me, that's all.

So, "technically yes" is good enough answer for me.

Is it technically true, though? The matte side has a difuse reflection, which does not mean it reflects less. It just scatters more.

The shiny and dull sides look like perfect mirrors in IR wavelengths.

The feature size of the matte vs shiny sides are much smaller than the wavelength of the bulk of the radiated light in either a microwave or conventional oven.

> microwave or conventional oven

I worry for you if you're microwaving aluminum foil.

Is it? I can see the broiler glowing, so at least a decent chunk is close to visible light.

Look up the emission spectrum for a body at the temperature of a typical oven element: yes, it starts emitting some light that is visible, but the bulk of the energy is still in the IR band.

I recall similar advice around mylar heat blankets. Perhaps those got mixed up?

And in French it's often called "papier alu" when there's no trace of paper at all.

“The final rolling is therefore done on a sandwich of two sheets, face to face.”

Whomever wrote that clearly has never made or eaten a sandwich. Without something in between the two layers, it’s hardly a sandwich.

The foil is the 'meat' the rollers are the bread.

*Whoever wrote that. The person who wrote is the subject of that phrase, not the object.

An open sandwich can have two layers.

Not homogenous though.

If it was any more homogeneous it would just be a piece of bread.

that's not a sandwich, it's a pizza

A pizza is an open sandwich

No, pizza is a toast per Cube Rule - https://cuberule.com/

Toast is an open sandwich, unless it has no topping, in which case it is just bread. Also their definition of cake as having multiple layers makes no sense, and would rule out most actual cakes.

If you take a closer look at the examples again, you’ll see that nothing makes sense. That’s the joke.

(Steak is definitely a salad, though.)

What if the pizza has a stuffed crust?

>An open sandwich can have two layers.(..)

...and if one layer is meat and the other is a perfect meat vehicle, like a tortilla, you can simply fold it over the meat and wrap all the meat goodness is the proper warmth of a tortilla. Food, the way food was intended.

ε

Shiny side is for wrapping the end of banana, the matte for the other end.

so if you skipped the final rolling it would be shiny on both sides?

is this being produced?

I believe 'heavy duty' foil is sold. I don't have any to check but my guess is both sides are shiny. In fact, I think I remember both sides being shiny the last time I used it...

It's 3.33x thicker, yes - we use it in foodservice. (0.8mm vs 0.24mm)

Which side is better at reflecting woke beams from space?

People deeply understand the physics of tinfoil hats. A properly constructed tinfoil hat needs two layers, with the shiny sides facing in opposite directions. Only the shiny side reflects brain waves. You need to reflect in both directions: one direction keeps the government from using waves to put ideas in your head; the other is to keep the government from reading your mind.

For you mindwarriors out there who like to go on the offence, leave a removable fold over your third eye so you can quickly flip it open and be ready to engage in PSI-combat on the astral plane or realspace as the situation requires.

The study [0] linked at the bottom of the article has good insights on that, plus it's a marvelous read all around.

[0] https://web.archive.org/web/20060612212953/http://people.csa...

Aren't they from somewhat below waist level a parte posteriori?

aluminium :D